Coromandel Ebony

Color/Appearance: Heartwood is a jet black, sometimes with reddish brown or purplish streaks. Sapwood is pale yellow to pink, and is clearly demarcated from the heartwood. Ironically, the very best quality ebony looks like black plastic.

Grain/Texture: Grain is typically straight or sometimes irregular, with a fine, uniform texture. Has a high level of natural luster.

Rot Resistance: Portions of black heartwood are very durable regarding decay resistance.

Workability: Overall difficult to work on account of its density and strong blunting effect on cutting edges. Can be difficult to dry, with checks or other drying defects developing. Can be difficult to glue, with one study^[2]Narayanamurti, D. (1957). Die Bedeutung der Holzextraktstoffe. Holz als Roh-und Werkstoff, 15(9), 370-380.^[3]Chunsi, K. S. (1973). The gluability of certain hardwoods from Burma (Doctoral dissertation, University of British Columbia). that mentioned the extractives of Diospyros melanoxylon causing weaker glue joints—even observing a transmission of this weakness to other species when treating them with extractives from this ebony. Ebony turns superbly, and takes a very high natural polish.

Odor: No characteristic odor.

Allergies/Toxicity: Although severe reactions are quite uncommon, ebony in the Diospyros genus has been reported as a sensitizer. Usually most common reactions simply include eye, skin, and respiratory irritation. See the articles Wood Allergies and Toxicity and Wood Dust Safety for more information.

Pricing/Availability: Although Coromandel ebony was one of the original ebonies of commerce (along with Diospyros ebenum), it’s seldom available today. Expect prices to be very high, and availability to be very scarce. Other ebonies such as Gaboon or Macassar are more commonly available, though both are also very expensive.

Sustainability: This wood species is not listed in the CITES Appendices, is currently not evaluated by the IUCN for inclusion on the Red List. This absence of any evaluation is notable, as Coromandel ebony was a historically exploited commercial species, and the IUCN has evaluated several hundred Diospyros species, including many other species that have been harvested and used for ebony. Perhaps an evaluation is pending, as the closely related D. ebenum is listed as Data Deficient and has not been updated since 1998.

Common Uses: Inlay, carving, musical instrument parts (piano keys, bridges, nuts, etc.), and turned objects.

Comments: Closely related to Ceylon ebony. Both woods are also sometimes referred to as East Indian ebony or simply Indian ebony.

Not to be confused with African blackwood, whose scientific name (Dalbergia melanoxylon) is sometimes confused with Coromandel ebony (Diospyros melanoxylon). Despite its appearance, African blackwood (Dalbergia melanoxylon) is actually more correctly a rosewood than an ebony, though in practice it really is one of the best “ebony” species. The Latin “melanoxlyon” is just “melano” which means black, and “xylon” which means wood. Species names can be re-used in a lot of different genera. For instance, “rubra” means red, so you can have red oak (Quercus rubra) or red elm (Ulmus rubra).

So for Diospyros melanoxylon. This refers to a true ebony species, and is different from African Blackwood in the Dalbergia genus. The catch is twofold:
1. That is now an outdated name, and the species name now in use should be Diospyros ebenum. Anyone still using this old name today probably just doesn’t pay that close attention to biology naming. And so Warmoth can be forgiven, because they are luthiers, not biologists. https://www.worldfloraonline.org/taxon/wfo-0000649325
2. Diospyros ebenum (or the old name with melanoxylon, if you prefer) refers to an older commercial species of ebony coming primarily from India and Sri Lanka. But commerical ebony has nearly all come from Africa in the last few decades, and now, especially from Cameroon. So beyond the outdated naming itself, I would find it very suspicious if anyone claimed to be using this older species of ebony at scale.