Common Name(s): Sitka Spruce
Scientific Name: Picea sitchensis
Distribution: Northwestern North America
Tree Size: 160 ft (50 m) tall, 5 ft (1.5 m) trunk diameter
Average Dried Weight: 28 lbs/ft3 (455 kg/m3)
Basic Specific Gravity: .36
Hardness: 510 lbf (2,270 N)
Bending Strength: 10,150 lbf/in2 (70,000 kPa)
Elasticity: 1,600,000 lbf/in2 (11,030 MPa)
Shrinkage: Radial: 4.3%, Tangential: 7.5%, Volumetric: 11.5%, T/R Ratio: 1.7
Color/Appearance: Can [...]
Common Name(s): Loblolly Pine
Scientific Name: Pinus taeda
Distribution: Southeastern United States, though also widely grown on plantations
Tree Size: 100-115 ft (30-35 m) tall, 1.5-5 ft (.4-1.5 m) trunk diameter
Average Dried Weight: 35 lbs/ft3 (570 kg/m3)
Basic Specific Gravity: .47
Hardness: 690 lbf (3,070 N)
Bending Strength: 12,800 lbf/in2 (88,300 kPa)
Elasticity: 1,790,000 lbf/in2 (12,300 MPa)
Shrinkage: Radial: 4.8%, Tangential: [...]
Common Name(s): Shortleaf Pine
Scientific Name: Pinus echinata
Distribution: Southeastern United States, though also widely grown on plantations
Tree Size: 65-100 ft (20-30 m) tall, 2-3 ft (.6-1 m) trunk diameter
Average Dried Weight: 35 lbs/ft3 (570 kg/m3)
Basic Specific Gravity: .47
Hardness: 690 lbf (3,070 N)
Bending Strength: 13,100 lbf/in2 (90,300 kPa)
Elasticity: 1,750,000 lbf/in2 (12,100 MPa)
Shrinkage: Radial: [...]
Common Name(s): Longleaf Pine
Scientific Name: Pinus palustris
Distribution: Southeastern United States, though also widely grown on plantations
Tree Size: 100-115 ft (30-35 m) tall, 2-3 ft (.6-1 m) trunk diameter
Average Dried Weight: 41 lbs/ft3 (650 kg/m3)
Basic Specific Gravity: .54
Hardness: 870 lbf (4,120 N)
Bending Strength: 14,500 lbf/in2 (100,000 kPa)
Elasticity: 1,980,000 lbf/in2 (13,700 MPa)
Shrinkage: Radial: 5.1%, [...]
Common Name(s): Slash Pine
Scientific Name: Pinus elliottii
Distribution: Southeastern United States, though also widely grown on plantations
Tree Size: 60-100 ft (18-30 m) tall, 2-3 ft (.6-1 m) trunk diameter
Average Dried Weight: 41 lbs/ft3 (650 kg/m3)
Basic Specific Gravity: .54
Hardness: 926 lbf (4,120 N)*
*Estimated hardness based on specific gravity
Bending Strength: 16,300 lbf/in2 (112,400 kPa)
Elasticity: [...]
Common Name(s): Norway Spruce, European Spruce, Common Spruce, Baltic White Pine
Scientific Name: Picea abies
Distribution: Northern and central Europe
Tree Size: 115-180 ft (35-55 m) tall, 3-5 ft (1-1.5 m) trunk diameter
Average Dried Weight: 25 lbs/ft3 (410 kg/m3)
Basic Specific Gravity: .32
Hardness: 377 lbf (1,680 N)
Bending Strength: 9,130 lbf/in2 (62,950 kPa)
Elasticity: 1,406,000 lbf/in2 (9,700 MPa)
Shrinkage: Radial: [...]
Common Name(s): Redwood, Sequoia, Coast Redwood, California Redwood
Scientific Name: Sequoia sempervirens
Distribution: Coastal northwestern United States (from southwestern Oregon to central California)
Tree Size: 200-300 ft (60-90 m) tall, 6-12 ft (1.8-3.7 m) trunk diameter
Average Dried Weight: 27 lbs/ft3 (435 kg/m3)
Basic Specific Gravity: .36
Hardness: 450 lbf (2,000 N)
Bending Strength: 8,950 lbf/in2 (61,720 kPa)
Elasticity: 1,220,000 lbf/in2 [...]
Common Name(s): Douglas-Fir
Scientific Name: Pseudotsuga menziesii
Distribution: Western North America
Tree Size: 200-250 ft (60-75 m) tall, 5-6 ft (1.5-2 m) trunk diameter
Average Dried Weight: 36 lbs/ft3 (570 kg/m3)
Basic Specific Gravity: .45
Hardness: 620 lbf (2,760 N)
Bending Strength: 12,500 lbf/in2 (86,200 kPa)
Elasticity: 1,765,000 lbf/in2 (12,170 MPa)
Shrinkage: Radial: 4.5%, Tangential: 7.3%, Volumetric: 11.6%, T/R Ratio: 1.6
Color/Appearance: Can [...]
Common Name(s): Cypress, Baldcypress
Scientific Name: Taxodium distichum
Distribution: Southeastern United States
Tree Size: 100 ft (30 m) tall, 3-5 ft (1-1.5 m) trunk diameter
Average Dried Weight: 33 lbs/ft3 (525 kg/m3)
Basic Specific Gravity: .42
Hardness: 510 lbf (2,270 N)
Bending Strength: 10,600 lbf/in2 (73,100 kPa)
Elasticity: 1,440,000 lbf/in2 (9,930 MPa)
Shrinkage: Radial: 3.8%, Tangential: 6.2%, Volumetric: 10.5%, T/R Ratio: 1.6
Color/Appearance: Color [...]
Common Name(s): Northern White Cedar, Eastern Arborvitae
Scientific Name: Thuja occidentalis
Distribution: Northeastern North America
Tree Size: 50 ft (15 m) tall, 2 ft (.6 m) trunk diameter
Average Dried Weight: 22 lbs/ft3 (350 kg/m3)
Basic Specific Gravity: .29
Hardness: 320 lbf (1,420 N)
Bending Strength: 6,500 lbf/in2 (44,830 kPa)
Elasticity: 800,000 lbf/in2 (5,520 MPa)
Shrinkage: Radial: 2.2%, Tangential: 4.9%, Volumetric: 7.2%, T/R [...]
